Blog di AlùK: 26 apr 2020

Microsoft offers Windows 10 as a free upgrade for computers running a genuine copy of Windows 7 or Windows 8.1. Also, similar to previous releases, the operating system is available on different editions and two versions: 32-bit and 64-bit.While upgrading from Windows 10 Home to Windows 10 Pro is not free, what many people are unfamiliar with is that Microsoft won't ask for more money to upgrade from a 32-bit to a 64-bit version.

However, the upgrade path only allows moving from a qualifying version to its equivalent edition on the same architecture. This limit means that if your PC is running a 32-bit version of Windows 8.1, after the upgrade you'll be stuck with the 32-bit version of Windows 10 — even if your computer's processor can handle the 64-bit version. The only solution is to make a clean installation of the operating system and reconfigure all your apps and settings.

iemhacker-how-to-switch-from-32-bit-windows-to 64bit

In this Windows 10 guide, we'll walk you through the steps to verify whether your computer in fact includes support for a 64-bit version and we'll guide you through the upgrade process to Windows 10 (x64).

Make sure Windows 10 64-bit is compatible with your PC

A 64-bit version of Windows can only be installed on computers with capable hardware. As such, the first thing you need to do is to determine whether your computer has a 64-bit processor.

You can easily get this information from the Settings app.

Use the Windows key + I keyboard shortcut to open the Settings app.
Click System.
Click About.
Under System type, you will see two pieces of information: if it says 32-bit operating system, x64-based processor, then it means that your PC is running a 32-bit version of Windows 10 on a 64-bit processor. If it says 32-bit operating system, x86-based processor, then your computer doesn't support Windows 10 (64-bit).

Make Sure Your Processor is 64-bit Capable

First thing's first. Before even thinking of upgrading to 64-bit Windows, you'll need to confirm that the CPU in your computer is 64-bit capable. To do so, head to Settings > System > About. On the right-hand side of the window, look for the "System type" entry.

You'll see one of three things here:

64-bit operating system, x64-based processor. Your CPU does support 64-bit and you already have the 64-bit version of Windows installed.
32-bit operating system, x86-based processor. Your CPU does not support 64-bit and you have the 32-bit version of Windows installed.
32-bit operating system, x64-based processor. Your CPU supports 64-bit, but you have the 32-bit version of Windows installed.

If you see the first entry on your system, you don't really need this article. If you see the second entry, you won't be able to install the 64-bit version of Windows on your system at all. But if you see the last entry on your system—"32-bit operating system, x64-based processor"—then you're in luck. This means you're using a 32-bit version of Windows 10 but your CPU can run a 64-bit version, so if you see it, it's time to move on to the next section.
Make Sure Your PC's Hardware Has 64-bit Drivers Available

Even if your processor is 64-bit compatible, you might want to consider whether your computer's hardware will work properly with a 64-bit version of Windows. 64-bit versions of Windows require 64-bit hardware drivers, and the 32-bit versions you're using on your current Windows 10 system won't work.

Modern hardware should certainly offer 64-bit drivers, but very old hardware may no longer be supported and the manufacturer may have never offered 64-bit drivers. To check for this, you can visit the manufacturer's driver download web pages for your hardware and see if 64-bit drivers are available. You shouldn't necessarily need to download these from the manufacturer's website, though. They are likely included with Windows 10 or automatically will be downloaded from Windows Update. But old hardware—for example, a particularly ancient printer—simply may not offer 64-bit drivers.

Upgrade by Performing a Clean Install

You'll need to perform a clean install to get to the 64-bit version of Windows 10 from the 32-bit one. Unfortunately, there's no direct upgrade path.

Warning: Back up your important files before continuing and also make sure you have what you need to reinstall your programs. This process will wipe your whole hard disk, including Windows, installed programs, and personal files.

First, if you haven't upgraded to Windows 10 yet, you'll need to use the upgrade tool to upgrade. You'll get the 32-bit version of Windows 10 if you were previously using a 32-bit version of Windows 7 or 8.1. But the upgrade process will give your PC a Windows 10 license. After upgrading, be sure to check that your current 32-bit version of Windows 10 is activated under Settings > Update & security > Activation.

Once you're using an activated version of the 32-bit Windows 10, download the Windows 10 media creation tool from Microsoft. If you're using the 32-bit version of Windows 10 at the moment, you'll have to download and run the 32-bit tool.

When you run the tool, select "Create installation media for another PC" and use the tool to create a USB drive or burn a disc with Windows 10. As you click through the wizard, you'll be asked whether you want to create 32-bit or 64-bit installation media. Select the "64-bit (x64)" architecture.

Next, restart your computer (you did back everything up, right?) and boot from the installation media. Install the 64-bit Windows 10, selecting "Custom install" and overwriting your current version of Windows. When you're asked to insert a product key, skip the process and continue. You'll have to skip two of these prompts in total. After you reach the desktop, Windows 10 will automatically check in with Microsoft and activate itself. You'll now be running the 64-bit edition of Windows on your PC.

If you want to go back to the 32-bit version of Windows, you'll need to download the media creation tool—the 64-bit version, if you're running the 64-bit version of Windows 10—and use it to create 32-bit installation media. Boot from that installation media and do another clean install—this time installing the 32-bit version over the 64-bit version.

Final Words :

Finally, you are aware of the way through which you could be able to switch from the 32-bit windows to 64-bit windows really easily. There will be no difference in the functions or the working of the windows yet the only change that you will get is the more advanced architecture that is compatible with numerous high-end apps. If you are thinking to switch your windows to the 64-bit version then make sure you first check for your hardware compatibility. Hopefully, you would have liked the information of this post, please share this post with others if you really liked it. Provide us your valuable views regarding this post through using the comments section below. At last nevertheless thanks for reading this post!

Contents

About

................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

Chapter 1: Getting started with HTML

................................................................................................................ 2

Section 1.1: Hello World 2

Chapter 2: Doctypes

.................................................................................................................................................... 4

Section 2.1: Adding the Doctype 4

Section 2.2: HTML 5 Doctype 4

Chapter 3: Headings

.................................................................................................................................................... 5

Section 3.1: Using Headings 5

Chapter 4: Paragraphs

.............................................................................................................................................. 6

Section 4.1: HTML Paragraphs

Chapter 5: Text Formatting

..................................................................................................................................... 6

..................................................................................................................................... 7

Section 5.1: Highlighting 7

Section 5.2: Bold, Italic, and Underline 7

Section 5.3: Abbreviation 8

Section 5.4: Inserted, Deleted, or Stricken 8

Section 5.5: Superscript and Subscript 8

Chapter 1: Getting started with HTML

Version Speciﬁcation Release Date

1.0 N/A 1994-01-01

2.0 RFC 1866

1995-11-24

3.2 W3C: HTML 3.2 Speciﬁcation

1997-01-14

4.0 W3C: HTML 4.0 Speciﬁcation

1998-04-24

4.01 W3C: HTML 4.01 Speciﬁcation

1999-12-24

5 WHATWG: HTML Living Standard

2014-10-28

5.1 W3C: HTML 5.1 Speciﬁcation

2016-11-01

Section 1.1: Hello World

Introduction

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) uses a markup system composed of elements which represent speciﬁc content. Markup means that with HTML you declare what is presented to a viewer, not how it is presented. Visual representations are deﬁned by Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and realized by browsers. Still existing elements that allow for such, like e.g. font, "are entirely obsolete, and must not be used by authors"[1].

HTML is sometimes called a programming language but it has no logic, so is a markup language. HTML tags provide semantic meaning and machine-readability to the content in the page.

An element usually consists of an opening tag (<element_name>), a closing tag (</element_name>), which contain the element's name surrounded by angle brackets, and the content in between:

<element_name>...content...</element_name>

There are some HTML elements that don't have a closing tag or any contents. These are called void elements. Void elements include <img>, <meta>, <link> and <input>.

Element names can be thought of as descriptive keywords for the content they contain, such as video, audio, table, footer.

A HTML page may consist of potentially hundreds of elements which are then read by a web browser, interpreted and rendered into human readable or audible content on the screen.

For this document it is important to note the diﬀerence between elements and tags:

Elements: video, audio, table, footer

Tags: <video>, <audio>, <table>, <footer>, </html>, </body>

Element insight

Let's break down a tag...

The <p> tag represents a common paragraph.

Elements commonly have an opening tag and a closing tag. The opening tag contains the element's name in angle brackets (<p>). The closing tag is identical to the opening tag with the addition of a forward slash (/) between the opening bracket and the element's name (</p>).

Content can then go between these two tags: <p>This is a simple paragraph.</p>.

Creating a simple page

The following HTML example creates a simple "Hello World" web page.

HTML ﬁles can be created using any text editor. The ﬁles must be saved with a .html or .htm[2] extension in order to be recognized as HTML ﬁles.

Once created, this ﬁle can be opened in any web browser.

Simple page break down

These are the tags used in the example:

Tag Meaning

<!DOCTYPE> Deﬁnes the HTML version used in the document. In this case it is HTML5.

See the doctypes topic for more information.

Opens the page. No markup should come after the closing tag (</html>). The lang attribute declares

<html>

<head>

<meta>

the primary language of the page using the ISO language codes (en for English). See the Content Language topic for more information.

Opens the head section, which does not appear in the main browser window but mainly contains information about the HTML document, called metadata. It can also contain imports from external stylesheets and scripts. The closing tag is </head>.

Gives the browser some metadata about the document. The charset attribute declares the character encoding. Modern HTML documents should always use UTF-8, even though it is not a requirement. In HTML, the <meta> tag does not require a closing tag.

See the Meta topic for more information.

<title> The title of the page. Text written between this opening and the closing tag (</title>) will be displayed on the tab of the page or in the title bar of the browser.

<body> Opens the part of the document displayed to users, i.e. all the visible or audible content of a page. No content should be added after the closing tag </body>.

<h1> A level 1 heading for the page.

See headings for more information.

<p> Represents a common paragraph of text.

1. ↑ HTML5, 11.2 Non-conforming features

2. ↑ .htm is inherited from the legacy DOS three character ﬁle extension limit.

Chapter 2: Doctypes

Doctypes - short for 'document type' - help browsers to understand the version of HTML the document is written in for better interpretability. Doctype declarations are not HTML tags and belong at the very top of a document. This topic explains the structure and declaration of various doctypes in HTML.

Section 2.1: Adding the Doctype

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration should always be included at the top of the HTML document, before the <html> tag.

Version ≥ 5

See HTML 5 Doctype for details on the HTML 5 Doctype.

Section 2.2: HTML 5 Doctype

HTML5 is not based on SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language), and therefore does not require a reference to a DTD (Document Type Deﬁnition).

HTML 5 Doctype declaration:

Case Insensitivity

Per the W3.org HTML 5 DOCTYPE Spec:

A DOCTYPE must consist of the following components, in this order:

1. A string that is an ASCII case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE".

therefore the following DOCTYPEs are also valid:

This SO article discusses the topic extensively: Uppercase or lowercase doctype?

Chapter 3: Headings

HTML provides not only plain paragraph tags, but six separate header tags to indicate headings of various sizes and thicknesses. Enumerated as heading 1 through heading 6, heading 1 has the largest and thickest text while heading 6 is the smallest and thinnest, down to the paragraph level. This topic details proper usage of these tags.

Section 3.1: Using Headings

Headings can be used to describe the topic they precede and they are deﬁned with the <h1> to <h6> tags. Headings support all the global attributes.

<h1> deﬁnes the most important heading.

<h6> deﬁnes the least important heading.

Deﬁning a heading:

Correct structure matters

Search engines and other user agents usually index page content based on heading elements, for example to create a table of contents, so using the correct structure for headings is important.

In general, an article should have one h1 element for the main title followed by h2 subtitles – going down a layer if necessary. If there are h1 elements on a higher level they shoudn't be used to describe any lower level content.

Example document (extra intendation to illustrate hierarchy):

Chapter 4: Paragraphs

Column Column

<p> Deﬁnes a paragraph

<br> Inserts a single line break

<pre> Deﬁnes pre-formatted text

Paragraphs are the most basic HTML element. This topic explains and demonstrates the usage of the paragraph element in HTML.

Section 4.1: HTML Paragraphs

The HTML <p> element deﬁnes a paragraph:

Display-

You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed.

Large or small screens, and resized windows will create diﬀerent results.

With HTML, you cannot change the output by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code. The browser will remove any extra spaces and extra lines when the page is displayed:

Chapter 5: Text Formatting

While most HTML tags are used to create elements, HTML also provides in-text formatting tags to apply speciﬁc text-related styles to portions of text. This topic includes examples of HTML text formatting such as highlighting, bolding, underlining, subscript, and stricken text

Section 5.1: Highlighting

The <mark> element is new in HTML5 and is used to mark or highlight text in a document "due to its relevance in another context".1

The most common example would be in the results of a search were the user has entered a search query and results are shown highlighting the desired query.

Output:

A common standard formatting is black text on a yellow background, but this can be changed with CSS.

Section 5.2: Bold, Italic, and Underline

Bold Text

To bold text, use the <strong> or <b> tags:

What's the diﬀerence? Semantics. <strong> is used to indicate that the text is fundamentally or semantically important to the surrounding text, while <b> indicates no such importance and simply represents text that should be bolded.

If you were to use <b> a text-to-speech program would not say the word(s) any diﬀerently than any of the other words around it - you are simply drawing attention to them without adding any additional importance. By using

<strong>, though, the same program would want to speak those word(s) with a diﬀerent tone of voice to convey that the text is important in some way.

Italic Text

To italicize text, use the <em> or <i> tags:

What's the diﬀerence? Semantics. <em> is used to indicate that the text should have extra emphasis that should be stressed, while <i> simply represents text which should be set oﬀ from the normal text around it.

For example, if you wanted to stress the action inside a sentence, one might do so by emphasizing it in italics via

<em>: "Would you just submit the edit already?"

But if you were identifying a book or newspaper that you would normally italicize stylistically, you would simply use

<i>: "I was forced to read Romeo and Juliet in high school.

Underlined Text

While the <u> element itself was deprecated in HTMl 4, it was reintroduced with alternate semantic meaning in HTML 5 - to represent an unarticulated, non-textual annotation. You might use such a rendering to indicate misspelled text on the page, or for a Chinese proper name mark.

Section 5.3: Abbreviation

To mark some expression as an abbreviation, use <abbr> tag:

If present, the title attribute is used to present the full description of such abbreviation.

Section 5.4: Inserted, Deleted, or Stricken

To mark text as inserted, use the <ins> tag:

To mark text as deleted, use the <del> tag:

To strike through text, use the <s> tag:

Section 5.5: Superscript and Subscript

To oﬀset text either upward or downward you can use the tags <sup> and <sub>. To create superscript:

To create subscript:

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